Self-restoring water stop and other waterproofing packing



Feb. 6, 1945. A. c. FISCHER SELF RESTORING WATER STOP AND OTHER WATER-PROOFING PACKINGS 2 'Sheets-Sheet l Filed June 6, 1941 JTRHTl/M 3POA/GE P05552 Aunis/UE Feb. 6, 1945 A, Q FlscHER C 2,368,650

SELF RESTORING WATER STOP AND OTHER WATER-PROOFING PACKINGS Filed June A6, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ,wafer C. scA/f,

Patented Feb. 6, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SELF-RESTORIN G WATER STOP AND OTHER WATERPRO OFIN G PACKING Albert C. Fischer, Chicago,` Ill. Application June 6, 1941, seria1No.39s,947

Claims.

This invention relates to various constructions of and a method of rendering self conditioning packings made of resiliently deformable material and yieldable to stresses of tension and compression imposed by structural members between which the packings are used. Typical of such packings are water-stops used at expansion joints between the meeting ends of sections of concrete and other masonry structures; also packings or caulking used in similar situations; also anchorage for roofing and other iiashings used foi` water proofing the meeting lines between roofing members and masonry walls; and packings for other uses. I

An object of the present invention is to provide a method of rejuvenating packings and particularly those portions or outer strata thereof which provide the working surfaces through which the packings coact with opposed surfaces of the structures that they are intended to pack by supplying to the said packings or the effective portions thereof, a conditioning fluid having the capacity of maintaining in at least such outer stratum of the packing, those physical properties that render the packings continuously appropriate-to the duties they have to perform. 'I'he said method consists in housing within the cellular stratum of the packing the herein-described oily compound capable of being exuded from said cellular outer stratum whenever the packing body is subjected to pressure; periodically exercising such pressure to keep the flow in enveloping relation to the outer surface of the sponge rubber stratum and thus insuring presence of the fluid upon the surface that requires conditioning and in enveloping relation to the packing.

Another object of the invention is to produce a packing body which will serve as a vehicle for and hold in exudable form auid of such viscosity that it will not only maintain a desired surface condition in the packing body but will collect in spaces between the packing body and surrounding masonry and seal said spaces against escape of such fluid and against infiltration of moisture that would otherwise tend to pass the water-stop of which the packing forms part; a preferred embodiment of the invention being one in which the uid contained and exuded by the packing body is a viscous oily compound that will not mix with water, but can be absorbed by a cellular compressible packing body; and the latter, in addition to being kept in service by the rejuvenating influence of said fluid upon the material of which it is made, will also serve as a dispenser of fluid having a consistency or viscosity that enables it to seal spaces, cracks and openings that may exist around the packing. I have found in practical application of the invention, that among the materials suitable for use in realizing this objective is a rubberized bituminous compound, Ia formula for which is exemplified by the following:

Per cent Crude rubber or reclaimed rubber 15-20 Asphalt ZIO-230 (soft point) V 20-40 Asphalt -130 (soft point) 30-60 Petrolatum (or similar softener) 0- 2 Tackier 5-10 (Also cured rubber scrap may be added) 5-20 In the event a more viscous composition is desired, 5 to 30% of asbestos or sisal bers may be included in the composition, and may be used in those places where the porous cells are of large size.

The presence of a viscous oily compound as an exuding ingredient in the rubberized bituminous packing may be insured by including the oily compound in the original hot mix of the constituent ingredients of the packing. When the packing body has been so mixed and permitted to cool and bring the healing or preserving and sealing fluid charge to a state of a cold flow plastic, the. packing is ready for use. The material of the packing body' will not be soluble in or otherwise deteriorated by the exuded condi.

tioning and sealing uid. The latter is a selected compound of oily consistency in the nature of a hot pouring rubbery adhesive expansion and contraction joint material such as is commonly poured into spaces between cement pavement sections to form a seal against. infiltration of water. It will soften at from to 205 F. and fuse in the conventional asphalt-melting kettle when uniformly heated to around 428 F..

prene andotlier types of synthetic rubber whichl are resistant tothe solvent action of oils. Oaulking, and packing strips having outer surfaces of oil resisting synthetic rubbers are particularly desirable in packing the floors of garages and other buildings where machine oils are prevalent on the oors.

Preferably the rubberized asphaltic body which is inherently compressible, is also resilient to cause it to expand when released from compression.

` The exuding ingredient, unlike that of saturated felt which is non-owing and cannot be exuded, consists of a cold iiow plastic that will flow sluggishly from the pores of the external stratum under pressure. I have found that the container outer stratum of the packing body herein contemplated can be satisfactorily produced from foamed latex, or foamed sponge-rubbers and rubbers otherwise specially treated to develop and open cellular structure therein; although artificial rubbers of spongy texture are most suitable for the purpose because they react less to or deteriorate less under the materials exuded as the rejuvenating and sealing fluid. I do not wish to be limited in the type of non-perishable compressible cellular material so long as it will meet the conditions here enumerated.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section through portions of the meeting ends of two paving sec tions with an intervening water-stop expansion `joint both the water-stop element of which and the upper or tread portion of the expansion joint core are understood to be made of rubberized asphaltic material having an outer stratum of ,cellular material such as sponge-rubber admitting impregnation with cold flow fluid in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a View similar to Figure 1, embodying the same water-stop but a modied expansion joint core comprising cellulosic or matted fibrous material.

Figure 3 is a sectional view showing a modiiication of Figure 1 according to which the water-stop has its bridging portion deflected vertically so as to merge integrally with the tread section of the expansion joint core and by taking on a bifurcated forni, greatly increasinghorizontal resiliency of the water-stop.

Figure 4 is a sectional detail view ofv a filled sponge-rubber coated anchoring strip for a water-proofing flashing or similar structural device.

in accordance with the present invention, constructed with a surrounding outer stratum of sponge rubber through which the filling may be exuded to rejuvenate the working faces provided by said stratum and seal any spaces occurring between the strip and structural surfaces which op- Pose it in use. v

Figure l is a view similar to Figure 6 in which a'body of rubberized bituminous material is surrounded by an outer stratum of sealing material maintained by exuding such material from the interior of the body into said stratum under pres.. sure exerted upon the body.

Figure 8 is a sectional viewof a metal flashing strip anchored in a packing strip composed of a fluid filled plastic body having a sponge-rubber outer stratum.

Figure 9 is a sectional view showing the device of Figure 8 embodied in water-stop relation to a roofing structure and a cement wall.

Figure 10 is a sectional view showing the flashing structure of Figure 8 embodied in a building unit of masonry type.

Referring to Figure 1, A, B, represent portions of two sections of masonry for instance a pavement; l represents the upperor tread portion of an expansion joint core, made of a rubberized asphaltic, bituminous or other plastic body having a cold flow fluid composed of oily ingredients, contained in a porous or cellular outer stratum capable of exuding said fluid under compression of said body; 2 represents the lower portion of the expansion joint core that may be made of any of the substances commonly used for such purpose, but in the present instance, for purpose of illustration, made of cellulosic material such as fibers, matted, felted, or otherwise compacted into a form appropriate to the purpose it is serving. Said core portion 2 may contain, if desired, a cold flow filler of oily fluid, or be free from such iiller; and 3, 4, represent a water-stop introduced between the expansion joint core sections.

Said water-stop is illustrated as being made of a body of rubberized bituminous material surrounded by a porous or cellular outer stratum 4a: and comprising a bridge bar 3, spanning the space between the masonry sections A, B, and having integral anchoring wings 4 embedded watertight, in matrices 5 in cement, caused to be formed around said wings by presenting the wings in appropriate positions to be enveloped by concrete when said sections A, B, are poured.' The water-stop wings 4, and preferably the bridging 'body 3 as Well when under pressure are made to 'give up conditioning and sealing fluid from their outer strata of sponge rubber 43:, in the form of cold iiow viscous oily compound having the capacity of rejuvenating the working surfaces of the packing rubber; also delivering such compound gradually through the pores of said outer strata to the spaces around the water-stop; the pressure exerted being, for instance, that result-I ing from narrowing ofthe space between the masonry sections under thermal expansion of said sections; or compression exerted upon the an'- choring wings by contraction of the masonry sections under a drop in temperature and consequent tension imposed uponfthe water-stop that draws the anchoring wings 4 toward and wedges them into constricted portions of their matrices; and the effect of pressure being to enforce exuding of the iiller of the body, through the outer strata 4x of the water-stop members and the performing of the dual function of rejuvenating said outer strata 4:1: and su-pplying an envelope around the same that will seal, water-tight, any cracks or spaces between portions of the waterstop and faces of the masonry to which said portions are opposed.

Exuding of reconditioning and sealing fluid is not limited to rubberized bituminous or other mastic packing bodies. A iiller made of cellulosic or fibrous packings such as shown at 2 in the lower portion of Figure 1, and at la, 2a, above and below the water-stop in Figure 2 may function in the same way and furnish its own porous outer stratum. Moreover the use of rubberized bituminous or asphaltic material for production of the body portions ofthe water-stops, cores, caulking or other packings contemplated herein is merely illustrative -and may be substituted by any non-perishable material of form-retaining with pores into which the treating fluid-when lexuded may now; saidbody being collapsibleunv mass integrity capable of serving as a packing and as an exuding vehicle for the rejuvenating viscous cold flow liquid herein described. l

As shown in Figure 3, the water-stop anchoring wings 4b made of fluid yielding mastic with porous jacket may be connected by a deilected body member 3b of similar composition extending upwardly and merging integrally with the similarly constituted tread portion I b o1' the expansion joint core. The portions 3b, 4b, of this structure of Figure 3, may be of plastic oil illled plastics having sponge-rubber jacket 3J: functioning as described in connection with the parts I, 3 and 4 of Figure 1. The lower portion 2b of the expansion joint core of said Figure 3 may correspond in structure, filling and function, to the lower portion 2 of Figure 1 and both portions Ia and 2a of Figure 2. The bifurcated forms of the combined water-stop 8b, lb, and tread section Ib with their porous jackets 412x and 61: in Figure 3 lend increased horizontal resiliency to that structure under expansion and contraction of the masonry section. Compression under vthermal expansion of the masonry sections is a columnal function involving one anchoring wing 4b, one leg 6 of the bifurcated core, the intruded fibrous ange 1, of the lower core member, the other leg 8 and the other wing 4b. Hence exuding pressure is'received by all the parts notwithstanding the complexity of the structure.

According to Figure 4, an anchoring strip 8 made of oil lled mastic with outer stratum 8a: of sponge-rubber, may have the characteristic dove-tailed section enabling it to be iirmly embedded in concrete and when so embedded it may serve as a self-preserving water-tight anchorage for various adjunctive devices.

As disclosed'in Figure 5, the packing 9, such,

as those described herein, for instance expansion joint core, ller strips, caulking, etc. may have an outer stratum 9:1: made of roamed latex.

As suggested in Figure 6, a uid lled packing strip I may have its working faces I0a, Ib, I0c, Illd, made of a stratum Illa: of sponge rubber or other cellular structure into and through which the rejuvenating and joint sealing oil may be exuded. j

According to Figure 7, the interior II, of the packing, iiller bar, expansion joint core or caulking, may be made of adhesive material such as rubberized bituminous material-surrounded by a substantial wall I2 of porous material impregnated with such adhesive.

Figures 8, 9 and 10r suggest uses for the self preserving water-tight anchoring strip 8, with its porous stratum 82:, namely for mounting a flashing strip I3 (Figure 8) adapted to be embedded in a concrete wall I 4 and overlie an adjacent roof I (Figure 9) or to be conveniently shortened into lengths 8a suitable for embedding in masonry blocks I 4a appropriate for manipulation and introduction into a masonry wall and presenting the flashing I3b in convenient position for use.

The several disclosures herein selected for illustration of my invention are to be taken as mere types of application rather than limitation of use to which the invention may be put.

I claim:

l. A water-proong packing comprising a body containing an exudable viscous oily treating iluid and provided with an outer stratum forming the surface by means of which the body acts to check the flow of external moisture and der pressure, to cause said fluid-'to exude into isaid pores.

2. A water-proofing packing as .claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer stratum is-of lruptured cellular construction whereby a controlled flow of the treating fluid is attained.

3. A water-proofing packing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the body and its outer stratum are both resiliently compressible.

. jacent the body.

6. A water-prooiing packing comprising a body memberand wings connected together by said body member; said body member and wings being of resilient deformable structure and carrying an exudable oily viscous fluid; said wings being presented by the body member in positions to cause said wings to be surrounded by and to mold matrices in cement poured adjacent to the body member; said wings having a section that r imparts a tapered form to the matrices which they respectively form; and said wings being compressed when drawn by tension into constricted portions of said matrices. l

7. A combined water-stop and expansion joint, said water-stop comprising anchoring wings and a bifurcated body comprising depending legs carrying said anchoring wings in positions to be embedded by concrete sections cast against the expansion joint; said expansion joint having a core member intruded into the bifurcation space of thewater-stop and sustaining the Wings and legs under compression imposed by the cement sections when in use.

8. A combined water-stop and expansion joint as claimed in claim 7 wherein the legs carry an anchoring wings, an upwardly extending bifurcated bodyfhaving depending legs carrying said wings in positions to be enveloped in cement sections poured against the expansion jointand said lexpansion joint comprising an upper core-member with which the upwardly extending body integrally merges, and a lower core member that extends into the bifurcation space of the said body.

10. A combined water-stop and expansion or contraction joint comprising wings in positions to become embedded in masonry sections poured against the joint and a space-bridging body member uniting said wings; said body member being bifurcated between and deflected upwardly from said wings and by its deflection leaving said Wings free to move relatively under expansion and contraction of the masonry sections; and at least said wings being formed with cellular spaces containing an exudable oily viscous liquid.

ALBERT C. FISCHER. 

